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| Can Calorie Restriction Really Reverse Aging? |
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What You Need to Know about Calorie Restriction
Calorie restriction is a dietary approach associated with increases in life
expectancy through decreasing the total amount of calories eaten every day.
Calorie restriction studies has been around over 70 years and current studies
have shown a significant increase in lifespan in rats and other animals that
underwent a low calorie diet. Calorie restriction is also associated in the
prevention and improvement of a number of health conditions, especially those
that are associated with cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus.
In calorie restriction, nutritional selections are very essential. Foods that
are low in calories but packed with nutrients such as vegetables are much more
favored over high carbohydrate and high sugar foods. Anyone who wishes to apply
calorie restriction in their diet should have a good knowledge of nutrition and
have habitual check-ups with their primary physician. On average, a typical
human eats up between 2,000 to 3,000 calories. A person practicing calorie
restriction may consume half of that.
In a study on the effects of calorie restriction on rats, scientists found
out that decreasing the amount of calories given to rats almost doubled their
maximum lifespan. Scientists explained this phenomenon and link the doubling in
lifespan to the decrease in cellular division, reduction in metabolism rates,
and decrease in the synthesis of free radicals, which have been linked to tissue
destruction, made through metabolism. Other organisms that have been used to
ascertain the benefits of calorie restriction include monkeys, mice, fruit flies
and even yeasts. The findings on some of these animals under calorie restriction
found out that not only do they live longer but the way they appear look older
when compared to non-treated organisms.
A study of rhesus macaques, which are primates, was started in the year 1989
and is still continuing. The study, so far, has shown that calorie restriction
slows down the aging process and essentially slows down the onset of age-related
diseases such as cancer, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular, and
neurodegenerative diseases.
Research in female mice has shown that estrogen receptors degenerate as they
grow older. Those that were treated with caloric restriction diet during most of
their lives sustained higher levels of the said receptors than the non-treated
mice. Studies in fungi, particularly in yeast, are easy to manage and many
important steps have been done with these particular organisms into
understanding the aging.
In human studies, calorie restriction resulted in significantly lower blood
pressure, a better condition of the heart, arteries, veins and a lower blood
insulin level. As of now, it is uncertain if calorie restriction can really
increase the life expectancy in humans.
So much have been learned about the effects of caloric nutrition in different
organisms but there are still a lot more that needs to be learned to provide
valid, hard proof evidence that calorie restriction, indeed, does contribute to
disease prevention and ultimately to live extension.
There is a greater need to replicate these studies done on animals into human
test subjects. There are, however, ongoing studies that apply the idea of
calorie restriction to human test subjects but so far there is no clear cut
evidence of its benefits because of the length of time needed for these studies.
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